Read about Staphylococcus: |  |  |  |  |
Staphylococcus aureus
I. Organism Information
A. Taxonomy Information
1. Species
a. Staphylococcus aureus
i. Taxonomy ID: 1280
ii. Description:
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive pathogen that causes a wide range of diseases, and is becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics (1). These resistant bacteria are called methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA. S. aureus is responsible for a variety of ailments, including carbuncles, food poisoning, wound and medical device-related infections, bacteremia, necrotizing pneumonia, and endocarditis (2). S. aureus forms a fairly large yellow colony on rich medium and is hemolytic on blood agar. Staphylococci are facultative anaerobes that ferment glucose to lactate. The bacteria are catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. S. aureus can grow at a temperature range of 15 to 45 degrees and at NaCl concentrations as high as 15 percent. Almost all strains of S. aureus produce the enzyme coagulase. S. aureus should always be considered a potential pathogen (3).
To contribute more information, please contact help@nmpdr.org
iii. Variants
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus
Taxonomy ID: 46170
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus COL
Taxonomy ID: 93062
Parent: Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus MRSA252
Taxonomy ID: 282458
Parent: Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus MSSA476
Taxonomy ID: 282459
Parent: Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus MW2
Taxonomy ID: 196620
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus Mu50
Taxonomy ID: 158878
Parent: Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus N315
Taxonomy ID: 158879
Parent: Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus
B. Lifecycle and Morphology
1. (To contribute to this description of the infection cycle, please contact help@nmpdr.org)
a. Shape:
Cocci 0.5-1.0 μm in diameter. Cells occur singly or in pairs. Division is in two planes, giving rise to clusters. Colonies are smooth, raised, glistening, circular, entire and translucent. Single colonies may obtain a size of 6-8 mm in diameter (4).
b. Picture:
SEM of numerous clumps of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, commonly referred to by the acronym, MRSA (magnified 9560x), by Janice Carr, CDC
C. Genome Summary
1. Genome of Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus COL
a. Chromosome
i. Genbank Accession Number: NC_002951
ii. Size: 2,809,422 bp
iii. S. aureus COL is an early methicillin-resistant isolate (5).
b. Plasmid pT181
i. Genbank Accession Number: NC_006629
ii. Size: 4,440 bp
II. References
1. Sanger Institute
2. Holden MT, Feil EJ, Lindsay JA, Peacock SJ, Day NP, Enright MC, Foster TJ, Moore CE, Hurst L, Atkin R, Barron A, Bason N, Bentley SD, Chillingworth C, Chillingworth T, Churcher C, Clark L, Corton C, Cronin A, Doggett J, Dowd L, Feltwell T, Hance Z, Harris B, Hauser H, Holroyd S, Jagels K, James KD, Lennard N, Line A, Mayes R, Moule S, Mungall K, Ormond D, Quail MA, Rabbinowitsch E, Rutherford K, Sanders M, Sharp S, Simmonds M, Stevens K, Whitehead S, Barrell BG, Spratt BG, Parkhill J. (2004) Complete genomes of two clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains: evidence for the rapid evolution of virulence and drug resistance. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 101: 9786-91.
3. http://textbookofbacteriology.net/staph.html
4. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th edition. John G. Holt, Noel R. Krieg, Peter H.A. Sneath, James T. Staley, and Stanley T. Williams, editors. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1994, pp. 518.
5. Gill SR, Fouts DE, Archer GL, Mongodin EF, Deboy RT, Ravel J, Paulsen IT, Kolonay JF, Brinkac L, Beanan M, Dodson RJ, Daugherty SC, Madupu R, Angiuoli SV, Durkin AS, Haft DH, Vamathevan J, Khouri H, Utterback T, Lee C, Dimitrov G, Jiang L, Qin H, Weidman J, Tran K, Kang K, Hance IR, Nelson KE, and Fraser CM. (2005) Insights on evolution of virulence and resistance from the complete genome analysis of an early methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain and a biofilm-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain. J. Bacteriol. 187: 2426-2438. Hide info
Staphylococcus - Google News
©2008 GoogleMRSA not hospitals' only infection challenge - Seattle Times
 Kent News | MRSA not hospitals' only infection challenge Seattle Times, United States - Prevention of health-care-associated infections, including MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is fundamental to patient safety. ... Effective MRSA pre-screening Tea Tree Oil Body Wash May Fight Deadly MRSA Bug Decline in MRSA in Irish hospitals |
Zinc zipper key to antibiotic-resistant hospital-acquired infections - Entertainment and Showbiz!
Zinc zipper key to antibiotic-resistant hospital-acquired infections Entertainment and Showbiz!, India - About two-thirds of all hospital-acquired infections can be traced to two staphylococcal species, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, ... |
Helena couple reaches out to help disabled man - Helena Independent Record
Helena couple reaches out to help disabled man Helena Independent Record, MT - Surgeons tried twice to cut out the staphylococcus aureus infection. By the time they were done, there wasn t enough left of his foot to save. ... |
NYU Researchers Find Viruses Can Transfer Toxin Genes Between ... - GenomeWeb News
NYU Researchers Find Viruses Can Transfer Toxin Genes Between ... GenomeWeb News, NY - Within the Staphylococcus genus, the researchers found that S. xylosus could take up SaPI derivatives. The researchers noted that rare SaPI transduction to ... |
MRSA Cultures in the Emergency Department - Medscape
.JPG) Macon Daily | MRSA Cultures in the Emergency Department Medscape - Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nares colonization at admission and its effect on subsequent MRSA infection. Clin Infect Dis. ... Dream a Little Dream of 2009 Highly resistant bacteria common in ER workers Report: Rep. Campbell to take on hospitals over superbug reporting |
Optimal Bleach Concentration Required to Kill MRSA in Bath Water - AAP Grand Rounds (registration)
Optimal Bleach Concentration Required to Kill MRSA in Bath Water AAP Grand Rounds (registration), IL - 5 These have been used by dermatologists to treat recurrent staphylococcal infections in patients with eczema. The first randomized trial of diluted bleach ... |
Phage-Mediated Intergeneric Transfer of Toxin Genes - Science Magazine (subscription)
Phage-Mediated Intergeneric Transfer of Toxin Genes Science Magazine (subscription) - Here we report that staphylococcal pathogenenicity islands, containing superantigen genes, and other mobile elements transferred to Listeria monocytogenes ... |
Infection fears prompt cleaning kit sales - United Press International
Infection fears prompt cleaning kit sales United Press International - ... concerns about the potential spread of infections such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA, The Daily Telegraph reported Saturday. ... |
Heal and Prevent Boils Naturally - Natural News.com
Heal and Prevent Boils Naturally Natural News.com, AZ - Boils are round, pus-filled bumps on the skin that are caused by a Staphylococcus aureus bacteria infection. These infections typically begin deep in the ... |
PRHC above provincial infection rate - Peterborough Examiner
 Health Newstrack | PRHC above provincial infection rate Peterborough Examiner, Canada - Ontario hospitals publicly released rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococcis (VRE) for the first ... More 'superbugs' added to monitoring list Report of hospital infections aims to improve patient safety Parkwood reports one superbug infection |
| Strain annotated in NMPDR | Phenotype | Genome size, bp | Protein Encoding Genes (PEGs) | Named genes in subsystems | Named genes not in subsystems | Hypothetical genes in subsystems | Hypothetical genes not in subsystems | Subsystems | RNAs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Staphylococcus aureus RF122 | Bovine mastitis | 2,742,531 | 2,520 | 1209(45.3%) | 725(27.2%) | 113(4.2%) | 621(23.3%) | 297 | 110 |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus COL | methicillin resistant, hospital acquired (MRSA) | 2,813,862 | 2,620 | 1263(45.4%) | 697(25.1%) | 93(3.3%) | 729(26.2%) | 314 | 108 |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus JH1 | vancomycin susceptible, hospital acquired (MRSA) | 2,879,577 | 2,685 | 1187(43.3%) | 766(27.9%) | 107(3.9%) | 681(24.8%) | 291 | 88 |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus JH9 | vancomycin nonsusceptible, isogenic to JH1, hospital acquired (MRSA, VISA) | 2,862,918 | 2,675 | 1215(44.5%) | 742(27.2%) | 107(3.9%) | 668(24.5%) | 296 | 86 |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus MRSA252 | methicillin resistant, hospital acquired (MRSA) | 2,902,619 | 2,663 | 1266(46.1%) | 737(26.8%) | 78(2.8%) | 664(24.2%) | 323 | 110 |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus MSSA476 | methicillin susceptible, community acquired | 2,820,454 | 2,609 | 1247(45.8%) | 739(27.1%) | 80(2.9%) | 659(24.2%) | 321 | 113 |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus MW2 | methicillin resistant, community acquired (CA-MRSA) | 2,820,462 | 2,644 | 1221(44.4%) | 767(27.9%) | 89(3.2%) | 675(24.5%) | 323 | 53 |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus Mu3 | 2,880,168 | 2,495 | 1077(43.2%) | 778(31.2%) | 82(3.3%) | 558(22.4%) | 264 | 33 | |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus Mu50 | methicillin and vancomycin resistant, hospital acquired (MRSA, VRSA) | 2,903,147 | 2,771 | 1313(44.7%) | 792(27.0%) | 137(4.7%) | 693(23.6%) | 324 | 108 |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus N315 | methicillin resistant, hospital acquired (MRSA) | 2,839,469 | 2,648 | 1301(46.1%) | 789(28.0%) | 85(3.0%) | 645(22.9%) | 327 | 110 |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus NCTC 8325 | lab strain | 2,821,361 | 2,895 | 1210(39.5%) | 840(27.4%) | 110(3.6%) | 904(29.5%) | 298 | 109 |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus USA300 | methicillin resistant, community acquired (CA-MRSA) | 2,917,469 | 2,607 | 1230(44.4%) | 819(29.6%) | 87(3.1%) | 634(22.9%) | 297 | 105 |
| Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus str. Newman | 2,878,897 | 2,523 | 1053(41.7%) | 796(31.5%) | 66(2.6%) | 608(24.1%) | 262 | 34 | |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 | 2,564,615 | 2,472 | 1156(45.1%) | 709(27.7%) | 45(1.8%) | 653(25.5%) | 310 | 118 | |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A | 2,643,840 | 2,527 | 1117(42.6%) | 675(25.7%) | 39(1.5%) | 791(30.2%) | 296 | 120 | |
| Staphylococcus haemolyticus JCSC1435 | 2,697,861 | 2,694 | 1157(41.5%) | 771(27.7%) | 54(1.9%) | 803(28.8%) | 302 | 111 | |
| Staphylococcus saprophyticus subsp. saprophyticus ATCC 15305 | 2,577,899 | 2,517 | 1143(43.8%) | 757(29.0%) | 45(1.7%) | 664(25.5%) | 310 | 122 |
